20 Ads That Shook the World
by James B. Twitchell
Josh Feig rates it 5 out of 5
Advertising in the twentieth century became, over time, an art form not unlike the many others that people enjoy in their everyday lives. In 20 Ads That Shook the World, James B. Twitchell, an author and professor of English and advertising at the University of Florida, examines the growth of advertising through the last one hundred years not just as a vehicle for commercialism, but as a developing art form. Although the beginnings of advertising reach much further back than the twentieth century, it was during these years that it attained its cultural status.
Twitchell begins his examination on the early part of the century with the genius that was P.T. Barnum. Pointing not to a specific ad, but more the man himself and his techniques, Twitchell suggests that Barnum was a natural marketer before they ever existed: the original “carnival barker extraordinaire.” Later, he discusses the artistic merits of early ads for Pear’s soap, and how the ads were the initial cross between popular art and commercialism. Andy Warhol is quoted as saying “To me, business is the highest form of art.” Warhol’s art was often the definition of commercial and is perhaps a descendant of this first crossing of the two paths.
Advertising is discussed as a method for the creation of nonexistent conditions, or situations, simply for the benefit of the producer. Listerine gave us the myth of halitosis, for example, and is the reason why people believe they should even have fresh breath in the first place. The arguments are sound, and make you think hard about the claims that advertising makes about any product, or what type of situation that product helps alleviate.
Some of the ads that Twitchell points to are even more intriguing by virtue of his analysis. Did you know that Coca-Cola created the jolly, red Santa Claus? How about the masculinity of the Marlboro Man or the feminism of the Charlie girl? All of these lasting images are set before us by Twitchell and examined for their merits. He compares them with great works of art as though they belong in such company.
My favorite chapter is about the little Volkswagen Beetle that truly altered the way people look at advertising. Bill Bernbach changed the way people thought about advertising forever through the use of clever tactics that allow the consumer to do the thinking, instead of cramming the idea down their throat.
Overall, this book was an excellent read and definitely draws out some considerable thought on the subject of advertising, where it’s been, where it is, and where it may be going. I recommend this book to anyone who loves or hates advertising, and I think that might cover just about everybody.
“Overwhelming logic by fervent belief is the secret to the power of endorsement.”
James B. Twitchell